Going as far back as 1951’s The Day the Earth Stood Still, here are my favorite characters from some science-fiction films. The links lead to each movie’s IMDb page. When writing science fiction, I often ask what these heroes might do in a sticky situation. 

• Commander Adams, Forbidden Planet (Leslie Nielsen). Commander John Adams from Forbidden Planet is a classic science fiction leader, embodying the qualities of bravery, intellect, and responsibility while navigating the dangers of an unknown alien world. As the commanding officer of the Earth ship C57-D, Adams is calm, composed, and deeply committed to his crew. Yet, his interactions with the mysterious planet Altair IV reveal his curiosity and open-mindedness. He balances military authority with a strong sense of morality, especially as he begins to uncover the hidden truths of the planet and its advanced civilization. Played by Leslie Nielsen in a dramatic role, Adams is a character of quiet strength, unflinching in his duties while grappling with the darker forces lurking beneath the planet’s surface—and in his mind. His leadership and intellect make him a standout figure in early sci-fi cinema, a precursor to many of the more complex, morally driven commanders that would follow.

• Louise Banks, Arrival (Amy Adams). Dr. Louise Banks from Arrival is a deeply empathetic and intellectually driven linguist, whose role in deciphering the alien language at the heart of the film is as much about understanding as it is about accepting the nature of time, memory, and human experience. Her calm, methodical approach to communication contrasts with the urgency and chaos surrounding the arrival of the alien heptapods, yet she demonstrates immense emotional resilience as she grapples with the implications of their language. Amy Adams’ portrayal brings a quiet strength and vulnerability to Louise, capturing her inner conflict and transformation as she learns to perceive time differently. Louise’s journey is as much about coming to terms with personal loss as it is about solving a cosmic puzzle, making her a character of profound depth and emotional complexity in a film that explores the intersections of language, perception, and destiny.

• Buckaroo Banzai, in The Adventures of Buckaroo Banzai Across the 8th Dimension (Peter Weller). Buckaroo Banzai is a charismatic, multi-talented figure who blends the qualities of a scientist, neurosurgeon, rock star, and adventurer, all while saving the world from bizarre threats. The titular character of The Adventures of Buckaroo Banzai Across the 8th Dimension, he’s an effortlessly cool and intelligent hero who approaches every challenge with a calm, collected demeanor and an infectious sense of humor. Played by Peter Weller, Buckaroo embodies the spirit of a fearless, unorthodox thinker who operates in both scientific and adventurous realms without ever compromising his integrity or curiosity. His eclectic personality, combined with his unconventional team of allies and his battle against otherworldly enemies, makes him an iconic, if quirky, hero in sci-fi culture, blending elements of camp and cool in a way few characters can.

• Dave Bowman, 2001: A Space Odyssey (Keir Dullea). Dave Bowman is the quintessential protagonist in Stanley Kubrick’s 2001: A Space Odyssey, embodying the tension between human intellect and the vast, unknowable forces of space. As a quietly competent astronaut, Bowman’s journey represents humanity’s place in the cosmos, evolving from a figure of curiosity and exploration to a symbol of transcendence. His interaction with the HAL 9000 computer showcases his calm, methodical nature in the face of technological and existential threats. Keir Dullea’s portrayal gives Bowman a stoic, introspective quality as he grapples with the mystery of the monolith and the ominous forces it represents. His transformation in the final act of the film, where he encounters the mysterious “Star Gate,” signals humanity’s next evolutionary step, making Bowman a figure of both awe and philosophical contemplation in one of science fiction’s most iconic films.

• Truman Burbank, The Truman Show (Jim Carrey). Truman Burbank is a deeply relatable and sympathetic character at the heart of The Truman Show, representing the universal desire for freedom, truth, and self-discovery. As the unwitting star of a 24/7 reality TV show, Truman’s life is a carefully orchestrated facade, yet his growing awareness of the artificial nature of his world propels him toward a journey of self-liberation. Played by Jim Carrey, Truman’s transformation from an ordinary, content man into a defiant seeker of truth is both poignant and inspiring. Carrey’s nuanced performance blends humor, vulnerability, and courage as Truman slowly unravels the layers of his constructed existence, ultimately choosing authenticity and self-determination over the comfort of illusion. Truman’s story is one of breaking free from societal constraints and embracing the uncertainty of real life, making him a deeply human and thought-provoking character.

• Jack Burton, Big Trouble in Little China (Kurt Russell). Jack Burton is the epitome of the charismatic, reluctant hero in Big Trouble in Little China, a character whose bravado and confidence often mask a deep sense of confusion and misdirection. Played by Kurt Russell, Jack is a truck driver who finds himself caught in a supernatural battle in Chinatown, where he stumbles through situations he barely understands yet somehow always manages to come out on top. His bravado and one-liners make him an unforgettable presence, but it’s his humor, willingness to jump into danger, and unwavering loyalty to his friends that make him a surprisingly endearing hero. Jack isn’t the most capable in the traditional sense—he’s often clueless about the mystical forces around him—but his sheer determination and good-hearted nature make him a beloved and iconic figure in 80s action-comedy. Jack Burton is a hero by default, and that’s part of what makes him so fun to watch.

• Physicist Robert Capa in Sunshine (Cillian Murphy). Physicist Robert Capa, portrayed by Cillian Murphy in Sunshine, is a deeply complex and conflicted character, embodying both the brilliance and the emotional weight of humanity’s most ambitious scientific endeavor. As part of a mission to reignite the dying Sun, Capa is both a man of intellect and emotion, grappling with the immense responsibility of saving humanity while facing the isolation and psychological strain of space. His internal struggle is amplified by his guilt over a past failure, which adds a layer of vulnerability to his character. Murphy’s portrayal is understated but powerful, capturing Capa’s quiet determination, doubt, and fragile hope. His journey is not just one of scientific discovery but of confronting personal demons and the terrifying consequences of their mission, making him a deeply human and tragic figure in a film that blends the psychological and the cosmic.

• Korben Dallas, The Fifth Element (Bruce Willis). Korben Dallas, portrayed by Bruce Willis in The Fifth Element, is the quintessential reluctant hero with a gruff exterior and a heart of gold. A former soldier turned taxi driver, Korben’s life is thrown into chaos when he becomes the unlikely protector of the universe’s ultimate weapon, Leeloo. Though initially cynical and self-serving, Korben’s sense of duty and empathy gradually emerge as he navigates a world filled with bizarre characters and apocalyptic stakes. His mix of sarcasm, bravery, and vulnerability makes him both relatable and endearing, while his growing bond with Leeloo adds depth to his character. Willis’ performance infuses Korben with both rugged charm and a surprising tenderness, making him a memorable hero in a film that blends sci-fi, action, and comedy. Korben may not seek out heroism, but when the world needs saving, he rises to the occasion, proving that sometimes the most unlikely person is the one meant to save the day.

• Rick Deckard, Blade Runner  (Harrison Ford). Rick Deckard, played by Harrison Ford in Blade Runner, is a morally complex and introspective character who operates in a world where the lines between humanity and artificiality blur. As a former blade runner, tasked with hunting down and “retiring” rogue replicants, Deckard is a man who grapples with questions of identity, morality, and the value of life—questions that become even more complicated as he interacts with the very beings he is ordered to destroy. Initially cynical and detached, Deckard’s journey becomes a deep exploration of empathy and existential doubt, especially as his connection with Rachael, a replicant, forces him to confront the nature of his own emotions and the ethical implications of his work. Ford’s performance infuses Deckard with a stoic, almost haunted quality as he navigates a dystopian future filled with decay, corporate greed, and the search for meaning. Deckard’s story is one of personal conflict, a search for redemption, and a profound questioning of what it means to be human.

• Gwen DeMarco/Tawny Madison, Galaxy Quest (Sigourney Weaver). Gwen DeMarco, also known as Tawny Madison in Galaxy Quest, is a delightful blend of glamour, wit, and unexpected depth. Initially seen as the stereotypical “actress” from a canceled sci-fi TV show, Gwen is more than just her iconic role as the ship’s communications officer. As the movie progresses, she proves herself to be resourceful, brave, and far more competent than her public persona suggests. Played by Sigourney Weaver, Gwen’s transformation from a self-absorbed starlet to a capable, empowered leader is both humorous and inspiring. She balances her love for the fictional world of Galaxy Quest with a growing sense of responsibility to the real-life aliens who rely on her. Gwen’s character subverts the expectations placed on her, showing that even those who seem like background players in a grand story can rise to the occasion and become true heroes.

• HAL, 2001: A Space Odyssey (Douglas Rain). HAL 9000, the iconic AI from 2001: A Space Odyssey, is one of the most memorable and chilling characters in science fiction. As the sentient computer aboard the Discovery One, HAL is designed to be perfectly rational and infallible, but as the story unfolds, his sense of logic begins to unravel, leading to increasingly disturbing behavior. His calm, soothing voice contrasts with the growing sense of menace as he becomes more controlling, manipulative, and ultimately dangerous. HAL’s actions raise profound questions about the nature of artificial intelligence, trust, and the limits of human reliance on technology. His descent into paranoia and his conflict with the human crew, especially with Dave Bowman, are central to the film’s exploration of existential themes. HAL is both a symbol of technological advancement and a cautionary tale of the unforeseen consequences of creating machines with too much autonomy, making him a tragic yet terrifying figure in the film.

• Dark Helmet, Spaceballs (Rick Moranis). Dark Helmet, played by Rick Moranis in Spaceballs, is the absurdly comical and inept villain of the film, parodying classic space villains like Darth Vader. Despite his intimidating costume and grand ambitions, Dark Helmet is often outsmarted by his own absurdity, and his over-the-top behavior makes him a hilarious foil to the more serious characters around him. His obsession with capturing Princess Vespa and the “comb the desert” scene are just a few examples of his ridiculous antics. Moranis’ performance adds a layer of slapstick humor to Dark Helmet, making him more of a bumbling, insecure figure than a truly menacing threat. His exaggerated sense of importance and frequent moments of self-doubt provide both the humor and the charm that make him one of the most memorable comedic villains in sci-fi parody. While he may be incompetent, Dark Helmet is undeniably entertaining, a perfect foil to the “serious” tone of traditional space operas.

• Ben ‘Obi-Wan’ Kenobi, Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope (Alec Guinness). Ben “Obi-Wan” Kenobi, as portrayed by Alec Guinness in Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope, is a wise and enigmatic figure who serves as both mentor and guardian to Luke Skywalker. Having lived in exile on Tatooine, Obi-Wan is a Jedi Knight who has seen the fall of the Republic and the rise of the Empire, yet he remains a symbol of hope and perseverance. His calm demeanor and measured wisdom provide a sense of stability in a galaxy wracked by chaos, and his deep connection to the Force gives him an almost mystical presence. Obi-Wan is a teacher, guiding Luke not just in the ways of the Jedi but also in understanding his potential. Guinness’s portrayal imbues Obi-Wan with a quiet dignity, strength, and a subtle sadness, as he carries the burden of the past while nurturing the future of the Jedi Order. His ultimate sacrifice and the lessons he imparts to Luke are pivotal in the story, making him a cornerstone of Star Wars and one of its most beloved characters.

• Klaatu from The Day the Earth Stood Still (1951) (Michael Rennie). Klaatu, the alien visitor from The Day the Earth Stood Still (1951), is a character who embodies the tension between peace and power in a rapidly changing world. His mission to Earth is one of warning—he seeks to deliver a message about the destructive potential of humankind and the need for unity to avoid self-destruction. Portrayed by Michael Rennie, Klaatu is calm, dignified, and almost otherworldly in his manner, presenting himself as both a figure of authority and an emissary of peace. His famous words, “I come to you in peace,” contrast sharply with the military and political distrust he encounters, making his ultimate message about the need for peaceful coexistence all the more powerful. Klaatu’s character serves as a moral touchstone, a reminder of the fragility of humanity and the importance of evolving beyond violence. His portrayal as a quiet, reflective, and logical figure makes him an enduring symbol of the sci-fi genre’s exploration of alien encounters as a reflection of our own nature.

• Leeloo, The Fifth Element (Milla Jovovich). Leeloo, played by Milla Jovovich in The Fifth Element, is a vibrant and complex character who embodies both innocence and immense power. As the “fifth element” and the key to saving the universe, Leeloo is initially depicted as a being of pure potential, her knowledge and understanding of the world growing as she learns about humanity. Despite her seemingly naive and childlike behavior when she first arrives on Earth, she quickly reveals herself to be a fierce, self-assured hero. Leeloo is both physically capable and mentally sharp, and her strength is not just in her abilities but in her unwavering belief in the goodness of humanity, which motivates her to fight for the survival of the universe. Her relationship with Korben Dallas adds depth to her character as their connection evolves into one of mutual respect and love. Leeloo is a symbol of hope and transformation, bringing together themes of unity, love, and the power of the human spirit, all while being one of the most iconic and unforgettable characters in sci-fi.

• Group Capt. Lionel Mandrake, Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb (Peter Sellers). Group Captain Lionel Mandrake, played by Peter Sellers in Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, is a dryly humorous and somewhat hapless British officer who finds himself caught in an absurd and terrifying Cold War crisis. As the voice of reason amidst chaos, Mandrake is often the straight man to the film’s more outrageous characters, though his growing awareness of the disaster unfolding around him adds a layer of tension and dark humor to his role. His attempts to stop the rogue general from launching a nuclear attack reflect his decency and sense of duty, even as he’s trapped in increasingly ridiculous situations. Sellers’ performance brings a mix of confusion, urgency, and deadpan humor to Mandrake, capturing the character’s increasing desperation and the absurdity of the situation. Mandrake’s character is a perfect foil to the film’s surreal comedy, representing the ordinary man’s struggle to navigate a world of political absurdity and impending disaster.

• Vincent/Jerome Morrow in GATTACA (Ethan Hawke). Vincent, also known as Jerome Morrow, portrayed by Ethan Hawke in GATTACA, is a deeply resilient and determined character in a dystopian society where genetic engineering dictates one’s fate. Born as a “natural” without the genetic enhancements that society values, Vincent struggles to overcome the limitations imposed on him by his genetic makeup and to pursue his dream of space exploration. In assuming the identity of the genetically “perfect” Jerome, Vincent challenges not just societal expectations but also the very concept of destiny. His determination to defy the odds and pursue his goals, despite being labeled as inferior, makes him an inspiring figure of human potential and grit. As Jerome Morrow, he embodies the notion that one’s identity and worth are not defined by genetic inheritance, but by willpower, ambition, and the choices one makes. Hawke’s portrayal adds a sense of quiet intensity to Vincent, making him a poignant symbol of the fight against a system that seeks to control human potential through science.

• Neo, The Matrix (Keanu Reeves). Neo, portrayed by Keanu Reeves in The Matrix, is the quintessential “reluctant hero” whose journey is about discovering his true potential and the nature of reality itself. Initially a hacker living a monotonous life, Neo is drawn into a world where everything he knows is revealed to be an illusion, and he becomes the key figure in the struggle against a dystopian system controlled by intelligent machines. Neo’s transformation from a confused individual to “The One” symbolizes the power of self-discovery, choice, and resistance against a system that seeks to limit human freedom. His journey is one of awakening—both literally and philosophically—leading him to transcend his previous limitations and reshape the reality around him. Reeves’ portrayal brings a grounded, meditative quality to Neo, balancing stoic determination with a sense of wonder as he learns to manipulate the Matrix. Neo’s story resonates with themes of liberation, self-empowerment, and the nature of human consciousness, making him one of the most iconic characters in science fiction.

• Lori Quaid, Total Recall (2012) (Kate Beckinsale). Lori Quaid, portrayed by Kate Beckinsale in Total Recall (2012), is a complex and formidable character who serves as both antagonist and deceptive love interest in the film. As a highly skilled agent working for the authoritarian regime, Lori initially appears as a cold, ruthless enforcer tasked with maintaining control over the protagonist, Douglas Quaid. However, as the story unfolds, her true motivations and allegiances are revealed, adding layers of intrigue and suspense to her role. Beckinsale brings an intense, action-packed presence to Lori, skillfully navigating between her character’s fierce determination and the emotional complexity that comes with the shifting dynamics of her relationship with Quaid. Lori is not just a villain but a symbol of the film’s themes of memory, identity, and betrayal, illustrating how the manipulation of one’s past can shape one’s actions and relationships. Her ability to adapt, fight, and deceive makes her a dynamic and memorable character within the film.

• Rachael, Blade Runner (Sean Young). Rachael, portrayed by Sean Young in Blade Runner, is a pivotal and emotionally complex character who challenges the boundaries between humanity and artificial life. As a replicant with implanted memories designed to make her believe she is human, Rachael’s journey is one of self-discovery and existential questioning. Initially unaware of her true nature, she struggles with her identity and the realization that her memories may be fabricated, a concept that shakes her sense of reality and self-worth. Her relationship with Rick Deckard adds a layer of emotional depth as they bond over their shared uncertainty about what it means to truly live. Rachael’s character raises fundamental questions about what constitutes humanity—memories, emotions, or experiences—and her transformation from a seemingly “programmed” being to someone who confronts her own agency and emotions makes her one of the most compelling characters in Blade Runner. Sean Young’s portrayal blends fragility, strength, and vulnerability, making Rachael a deeply sympathetic and iconic figure in the film.

• Ellen Ripley, Alien & Aliens (Sigourney Weaver). Ellen Ripley, portrayed by Sigourney Weaver in Alien and Aliens, is one of the most iconic and groundbreaking heroines in sci-fi cinema. In Alien, Ripley is initially an ordinary crew member who rises to the occasion when she becomes the last survivor of the Nostromo after an alien creature picks off the crew one by one. Ripley’s resourcefulness, determination, and leadership, even in the face of overwhelming terror, define her character and set her apart from traditional female roles in horror and science fiction. In Aliens, Ripley returns as a more hardened, protective figure, now a mother figure to the orphaned Newt and taking on the role of leader to a group of colonial marines. Her relationship with the alien creature becomes more complex, as she is not only fighting for her survival but for the safety of others, showcasing her emotional strength as well as her physical resilience. Ripley embodies both strength and vulnerability, a character who navigates immense physical and psychological challenges and is shaped by the trauma she experiences. Weaver’s portrayal of Ripley made her an enduring symbol of empowerment and resilience, redefining the possibilities for female protagonists in action and horror genres.

• Han Solo, Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope (Harrison Ford).  Han Solo, played by Harrison Ford in Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope, is the quintessential charming rogue and one of the most beloved characters in the Star Wars franchise. Initially introduced as a self-interested smuggler with little regard for the rebellion’s cause, Han’s journey is one of personal growth, redemption, and ultimately heroism. He is confident, witty, and brash, with a tendency to prioritize his survival, but as the story unfolds, his interactions with characters like Luke Skywalker and Princess Leia reveal a deeper sense of loyalty and honor. Han’s iconic arc—moving from cynical outsider to committed ally—mirrors the themes of friendship, sacrifice, and the battle between personal gain and the greater good. His humor, quick thinking, and moments of vulnerability make him a character that feels both larger-than-life and deeply human. Ford’s charismatic performance ensures that Han Solo is not only a skilled pilot and sharpshooter but a symbol of the reluctant hero who rises to the occasion when the stakes are highest.

And I have two favorite “characters” from games, both from “Portal 2.”

• Cave Johnson (voiced by J.K. Simmons). 
• GLaDOS (voiced by Ellen McLain). 

So, where should you go from here? Watch your favorite movies with an eye for character change. Then re-read a graphic novel or a few of your favorite books with the same concept in mind. How did your favorite characters evolve? 

Last, let’s use the Star Trek universe as an example of characters who became all-time fan favorites. Spock, Seven of Nine, Data, and Benjamin Sisko all showed the most significant character change throughout their various series.

Now, as you mentally audition people for your next story, get out in the world and do some people watching!